EKG STANDARD 12-lead ECG 18-lead ECGextended 12-lead ECG Recording an electrocardiogram (EKG) is a non-invasive diagnostic procedure performed to collect data on the electrophysiology of the heart
An electrocardiogram is a test that records the electrical activity of the heart. With each heartbeat, an electrical impulse causes the heart muscle to contract and blood is sent to other parts of the body. A standard ECG record consists of 12 different vector records, each reflecting the difference in electrical potential between the positive and negative electrodes placed on the limbs and chest. The record consists of different curves (p wave, QRS complex, T wave), each of which indicates a certain part of the cardiac cycle.
Continuous measurement of arterial pressure (CMAT) or holter pressure, is a non-invasive method of measuring arterial pressure. The pressure is measured continuously, at precisely determined time intervals throughout 24 hours, which brings a more correct value of the movement of arterial pressure during the day, but also at night, when performing daily activities in the patient's familiar environment. Numerous studies and guidelines confirm that CMAT is the most significant predictor of future cardiovascular events and damage to target organs. Its benefits are manifold. It enables the recording and display of arterial pressure movements in 24 hours, which is far more significant than a one-time, occasional ambulatory pressure measurement. It enables the identification of patients with "white coat syndrome", patients with masked hypertension. It helps to detect a hypotensive crisis in patients on antihypertensive therapy. It shows the response to antihypertensive treatment. It can provide insight into the prognosis of the disease because higher values of arterial pressure measured by KMAT are associated with increased mortality. It is also used for research purposes and is more cost-effective in the long term compared to ambulatory blood pressure measurement. Studies have shown that KMAT values are more strongly associated with target branch damage compared to a single measurement (left ventricular hypertrophy, proteinuria, increased creatinine, decreased glomerular filtration, atherosclerotic plaques, retinal artery occlusion, arterial stiffness, and reduced distensibility). The current guidelines of all important professional associations, both in Croatia and in Europe and the world, emphasize its use in primary health care, and it is currently the most correct tool in establishing and managing the diagnosis of arterial hypertension.
Abdominal ultrasound (UZV) is a quick and painless examination that can be used to examine almost all organs and glands of the upper and lower abdomen, thus detecting changes and diseases. Abdominal ultrasound is often one of the first tests performed when pathological events in the abdominal cavity are suspected and serves as an aid in diagnosis and follow-up. How to prepare for abdominal ultrasound? On the day of the scan, you should arrive on an empty stomach (don't eat for 8 to 12 hours before the ultrasound). Also, 8 to 12 hours before the test, avoid foods that cause bloating - carbonated drinks, milk, dairy products, beans, baked and fried meat. If the bladder is being examined, it would be good to come for a full bladder examination. It is recommended to come to the examination in comfortable clothes. It is useful to bring the previous findings of ultrasound or other examinations. When ordering an ultrasound examination, the staff will give you additional instructions on preparation.